Mathematics·Multiplication & Division·conceptual
Properties of Operations
Apply properties of operations (commutative, associative, distributive) as strategies to multiply and divide
Suggested ages 8–9
Learning journey
Your child is building fluency with multiplication and division — memorizing times tables up to 12×12, understanding the relationship between multiplication and division, and solving word problems involving equal groups and arrays.
Evidence of understanding
- Use commutativity: if 6 × 4 = 24 then 4 × 6 = 24
- Use the distributive property: 8 × 7 = 8 × 5 + 8 × 2 = 40 + 16 = 56
- Use associativity to multiply three numbers: 2 × 3 × 5 = 6 × 5 = 30
Assessment prompt
Can Properties of Operations use tricks like breaking up a number — working out '6 × 14' as '6 × 10 + 6 × 4 = 60 + 24 = 84' — to make multiplication easier?
Standards alignment
3.OA.5US · ccss-math
Apply properties of operations as strategies to multiply and divide
Common Core State Standards for Mathematics · 3