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Everyday Life in Ancient Egypt
Ancient Egypt
Describe what everyday life was like for ordinary people in ancient Egypt: farmers grew wheat and barley near the Nile, families lived in mud-brick houses, children played games and had pets, and people ate bread, fish, fruit, and vegetables
Greek gods & Mount Olympus
Ancient Greece & Rome
Know that the ancient Greeks believed in many gods and goddesses who lived on Mount Olympus — including Zeus (king of the gods, thunder), Athena (wisdom), Poseidon (the sea), Hermes (messages), and Aphrodite (love) — and that each god had special powers and a role in the world
Greek Myths and Heroes
Ancient Greece & Rome
Retell at least one Greek myth involving a hero and a monster — such as Theseus and the Minotaur in the labyrinth, Heracles (Hercules) and the lion, or Perseus and Medusa — and understand that these were stories ancient Greeks told to explain the world and teach lessons
Hieroglyphs and Papyrus
Ancient Egypt
Know that the ancient Egyptians used a special writing system called hieroglyphs — pictures and symbols that stood for sounds and words — and that they wrote on a paper-like material called papyrus, which was made from a plant that grew along the Nile
Kings & Queens
Medieval Times
What medieval kings and queens did: ruling the land, making laws, collecting taxes; the crown and throne as symbols of power; the Tower of London
Knights & Armour
Medieval Times
What knights were: trained warriors who served a lord; armour, shields, swords, and lances; the code of chivalry as rules for how knights should behave
Medieval Clothing
Medieval Times
What people wore in medieval times: peasant clothes (wool, linen) vs noble clothes (silk, fur, bright colours); no zippers or buttons; how clothes showed your place in society
Medieval Food & Feasts
Medieval Times
What people ate in medieval times: bread and pottage for ordinary people, grand feasts for the rich; no forks, eating with hands; the great hall as the centre of castle life
Pharaohs and Tutankhamun
Ancient Egypt
Know that ancient Egypt was ruled by powerful kings and queens called pharaohs, who lived in grand palaces and made the laws — and that one of the most famous pharaohs is Tutankhamun, a boy who became pharaoh as a child and whose golden tomb was discovered thousands of years later
Pyramids and the Great Sphinx
Ancient Egypt
Know that the ancient Egyptians built enormous stone pyramids as tombs for the pharaohs, that the Great Pyramid at Giza was one of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World and is still standing today, and that the Great Sphinx — a statue with a lion's body and a human head — guards the pyramids
Robin Hood & King Arthur
Medieval Times
The legends of Robin Hood (Sherwood Forest, stealing from the rich, Merry Men) and King Arthur (Round Table, Excalibur, Camelot); that these are stories, not proven history, but reflect medieval values
Roman soldiers & builders
Ancient Greece & Rome
Know that Roman soldiers marched across a huge empire building straight roads and strong walls, and that some Roman roads, walls, and buildings can still be seen today — showing that the Romans were powerful builders whose work has lasted thousands of years
Romulus & Remus
Ancient Greece & Rome
Know the Roman founding myth of Romulus and Remus — twin brothers abandoned as babies, raised by a she-wolf, who grew up to found the city of Rome — and understand that this is a legend the Romans told about how their city began
The first Olympics
Ancient Greece & Rome
Know that the Olympic Games began in ancient Greece at a place called Olympia as athletic competitions held in honour of Zeus, and that the modern Olympic Games we watch today were inspired by those ancient games
The Vikings
Medieval Times
Who the Vikings were: seafaring warriors and traders from Scandinavia; longships; Viking raids on Britain; that Vikings also settled and farmed
Village Life
Medieval Times
Daily life for ordinary people in a medieval village: thatched houses, farming, baking bread, fetching water; how different life was from today
Vocabulary: ancient egypt
Ancient Egypt
Know and use the key vocabulary of ancient Egypt — pharaoh, pyramid, tomb, mummy/mummification, hieroglyphs, papyrus, sarcophagus, canopic jar, natron, archaeologist, artefact, Nile, delta, irrigation, shaduf, scribe, vizier, obelisk, sphinx, cartouche — and apply these terms accurately when describing Egyptian society, religion, and material culture
What Is a Castle?
Medieval Times
What a castle is: a fortified building used as both a home and a defence; key parts including towers, moat, drawbridge, and thick walls; why castles were built
Different Accounts of the Same Event
Historical Thinking
Recognise that different people can give different accounts of the same event — and that both can be genuine while still disagreeing
Evidence from the Past
Historical Thinking
Understand that everything we know about the past comes from evidence — objects, buildings, pictures, documents, and stories that have survived
Vocabulary: historical thinking
Historical Thinking
Know and use the vocabulary of historical thinking — source, evidence, primary source, secondary source, artefact, chronology, chronological order, BC/BCE, AD/CE, century, decade, era, period, timeline, excavation, archaeologist, interpretation, corroborate, bias, perspective — and apply these terms when discussing how we know about the past and how reliable our knowledge is
Ancient Egypt on the Timeline
Ancient Egypt
Place ancient Egypt on a timeline spanning over 3,000 years — from around 3100 BCE (unification under the first pharaoh) to 30 BCE (Roman conquest) — understanding that this civilisation lasted longer than the time between the Romans and today, and was divided into major periods: the Old Kingdom (pyramid age), Middle Kingdom, and New Kingdom (empire age)
Anglo-Saxon Britain
Medieval Times
Who the Anglo-Saxons were: Germanic peoples who settled in Britain after the Romans left; their kingdoms, villages, place names, art, and eventual conversion to Christianity
Athenian Democracy
Ancient Greece & Rome
Understand that Athens invented democracy — a system where free male citizens gathered in an Assembly to debate and vote on important decisions for the city — but that women, enslaved people, and foreigners were not allowed to vote