Science·Forces & Motion·conceptual
Moments, Pressure & Hooke's Law
Calculate the turning effect (moment = force × perpendicular distance), explain how pressure is transmitted equally in liquids (Pascal's principle) and the concept of atmospheric pressure, and describe Hooke's Law (extension ∝ force up to the elastic limit)
Suggested ages 12–14
Evidence of understanding
- Calculates the moment of a force and uses the principle of moments to solve lever problems
- Explains why hydraulic systems can multiply force (pressure transmitted equally)
- States Hooke's Law and plots force-extension graphs identifying the elastic limit
- Calculates spring constant k from a force-extension graph (k = F/x)
Assessment prompt
If Moments, Pressure & Hooke's Law was using a long spanner to loosen a tight bolt, could they explain why a longer spanner makes it easier — and work out what force would be needed with a spanner of a specific length?
Standards alignment
MS-PS2-2US · ngss-ms
MS-PS2-2
Next Generation Science Standards (NGSS) Middle School
KS3.Sci.Phys.MotionAndForces.6GB · uk-nc-2013
Turning Effect and Pressure
The national curriculum in England: Key stages 1 and 2 framework document · KS3
KS3.Sci.Phys.MotionAndForces.9GB · uk-nc-2013
Elastic Potential Energy and Hooke's Law
The national curriculum in England: Key stages 1 and 2 framework document · KS3