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Choosing the Right Coping Strategy
Self-Regulation & Resilience
Understand that different situations require different coping strategies — what works for anger might not work for sadness, and what helps at school might be different from what helps at home
Communication Vocabulary
Friendship & Cooperation
Know and use the vocabulary of healthy communication and conflict — assertive, passive, aggressive, compromise, conflict, resolution, mediate, bystander, upstander, and peer pressure — and understand the difference between these contrasting approaches
Different Lives and Experiences
Empathy & Social Awareness
Understand that people's lives and experiences can be very different from their own — that some children face challenges like disability, poverty, family difficulties, or being new to a country — and develop compassion rather than judgement
Emotion Vocabulary
Emotional Literacy
Use a wider vocabulary of emotion words beyond the basics — including frustrated, worried, anxious, embarrassed, jealous, proud, disappointed, grateful, and lonely — and distinguish between similar emotions
Fairness, Equality and Equity
Empathy & Social Awareness
Understand what fairness means and why it matters — recognising that fair doesn't always mean equal (everyone getting the same) but can mean equitable (everyone getting what they need), and applying this understanding in group situations
Friendships change over time
Friendship & Cooperation
Understand that friendships change over time — that it's normal for friends to drift apart or for new friendships to form — and develop strategies for making new friends and handling friendship changes without feeling like something is wrong with them
Growth Mindset
Self-Regulation & Resilience
Understand the concept of a growth mindset — that abilities and intelligence can grow with effort, practice, and good strategies — as opposed to a fixed mindset where you believe you're either good at something or you're not
Hidden and Masked Feelings
Emotional Literacy
Recognise that people sometimes hide or mask their true feelings — smiling when they're actually sad, or saying 'I'm fine' when they're not — and understand why someone might do this
How Emotions Feel in Your Body
Emotional Literacy
Understand the connection between emotions and the body — recognising physical signals like butterflies in the stomach (nervous), clenched fists (angry), racing heart (scared or excited), and tight shoulders (stressed)
Mild to Strong Emotions
Emotional Literacy
Understand that emotions come in different intensities — from mild to strong — and that the same emotion can feel very different depending on how intense it is (e.g., annoyed → angry → furious, or nervous → anxious → panicked)
Patterns in Your Own Reactions
Self-Awareness
Notice patterns in your own reactions — 'I tend to respond like this when I'm tired, left out, or put on the spot'
Positive Self-Talk
Self-Regulation & Resilience
Use positive self-talk to manage difficult situations — replacing unhelpful thoughts like 'I'm stupid' or 'I'll never be able to do this' with encouraging ones like 'This is hard but I can keep trying' or 'I've done hard things before'
Resolving Disagreements with Friends
Friendship & Cooperation
Resolve simple disagreements with peers by talking it through — explaining how they feel, listening to the other person's side, and finding a compromise or solution that both can accept
Roles in a Group
Friendship & Cooperation
Understand different roles people play in groups — leader, supporter, mediator, idea-generator — and recognise that effective groups need a mix of roles, not everyone trying to be the leader
Seeing Someone Else's Point of View
Empathy & Social Awareness
Practise perspective-taking by imagining how someone else might feel in a given situation — using prompts like 'How would you feel if that happened to you?' and applying this when reading stories or during real interactions
Stop, Think, Then Choose
Responsible Decision-Making
Use a simple decision-making process when faced with a choice — stopping to think, identifying the options, considering the consequences of each option, and then choosing — rather than acting impulsively
Understanding Bullying
Responsible Decision-Making
Understand what bullying is — repeated behaviour intended to hurt someone, including physical, verbal, social (exclusion, spreading rumours), and cyberbullying — and know that it is always wrong and what to do if they experience or witness it
Vocabulary: ethics and citizenship
Responsible Decision-Making
Know and use the vocabulary of ethics and citizenship — bullying, cyberbullying, bystander, upstander, peer pressure, digital citizenship, rights, responsibility, and ethical — and understand the distinctions between these closely related terms
Vocabulary: resilience and self
Self-Regulation & Resilience
Know and use the vocabulary of resilience and self-management — including regulate, resilience, growth mindset, fixed mindset, self-talk, trigger, setback, persevere, and distress — and understand what each word means in practice
Vocabulary: social awareness
Empathy & Social Awareness
Know and use the vocabulary of social awareness — including stereotype, prejudice, discrimination, equality, equity, bias, compassion, and fairness — and understand what distinguishes these closely related concepts
Working Well in a Group
Friendship & Cooperation
Work effectively as part of a small group — contributing their own ideas, listening to others' ideas, taking on a fair share of the work, and supporting the group to reach a shared goal
Your Impact on Others
Self-Awareness
Reflect on how your behaviour lands on others — consider not just what you intended but what the actual impact was on the other person
Assertive Communication
Friendship & Cooperation
Use assertive communication — expressing needs, opinions, and boundaries clearly and respectfully without being aggressive (pushy/demanding) or passive (giving in/staying silent) — including saying no when something doesn't feel right
Community Rights and Responsibilities
Responsible Decision-Making
Understand their rights and responsibilities as a member of a community — that everyone has a right to be treated with respect and to feel safe, and that with rights come responsibilities to treat others the same way